Audiotur XVIII th century

XVIII th century is the period, when the power of European countries continued to solve urban problems at the legislative level. It was connected with the overpopulation of cities and the epidemics. The power was engaged in the isolation of the patients, in the removal of sewage, in the cleaning and the lighting of the streets. We can see it on the example of such big cities as Paris, London. Of course, we’ll have to speak about negative sides of everyday life of that time.

There was small business in European countries of that period: toilet man. This man walked down the streets with a bucket and wide cloak and proposed his service to the townspeople.

In 1700 the order by the king of France Louis XIV was issued. According to this order, the homeowners had to arranged the latrines.

The order by the king of France Louis XV from 1721 forbade to the Parisians to throw garbage to the ditches. They had to clean it or to pay for cleaning.

In 1739 public toilet for the women and for the men was made in Paris. It was a structure above a cesspool.

At the turn of XVII th-XVIII th centuries the family of the king of France got a bidet. Probably, it was a work of royal furniture maker Christophe de Rosier. The idea of this device could to get in Europe from Arabian countries, where the people used not a paper, but a water in a restroom. It was wooden frame on the legs, where ceramic capacity was inserted. Initially French word bidet meant small horse. Most likely, the name came from first shape of this device.

This period lady’s day vase bourdaloue has become fashionable among French nobles. This name came from the name of French priest, preacher Louis Bourdaloue. After he moved from the province to Paris, he quickly gained popularity as spiritual speaker. He preached at the court of Louis XIV during Christmas post and Great post. Day vase got its name from long sermons by Bourdaloue. During church services the ladies could use longish capacity which was like to a saucepan. Sometimes playful images or inscriptions were made on a bottom of bourdaloue.

In XVIII th century plumbing equipment was improved. The specialists from England made significant contribution in this field.

In 1775 Alexander Cumming, Scottish watchmaker and mechanic, received the patent for S-trap. Due to this device a smell from a sewerage don’t get into a room.

In 1778 English inventor Joseph Bramah got the patent to a closet with copper pneumatic cylinder thanks to which a flush happened during 15 seconds.

Europe of XVIII th century got the problems with sanitary state of its localities, but the power did constant effort to solve this problems